Not many people know that Korea had a great victory in the world’s first naval artillery battle. In western history, the Battle of Lepanto between the allied Christian forces of the Holy League and the Ottoman Turks in 1571 is considered the first major naval battle with artillery. In Korean history, Goryeo led a major naval victory with artillery 191 years earlier than the Battle of Lepanto. This battle was the Battle of Jinpo. In 1380 during Goryeo, a Japanese fleet of 500 essels with more than 10,000 soldiers invaded Korea. The Goryeo navy swept away the Japanese fleet by destroying most of the enemy vessels with cannons fired from 100 naval vessels. The Battle of Jinpo was the first naval artillery battle in the world. According to Goryeosa or the History of Goryeo, smoke and flames covered the sky and enemy soldierswere engulfed in flames, and some jumped off the vessels and drowned. Behind Goryeo’s victory against Japan, which had five times more vessels than Goryeo, was Choe Museon, who had cannons installed on the vessels. As a scientist and inventor, Choe led the development of gunpowder and artillery,strengthening Goryeo and Joseon’s navy and contributing to defending Korea at sea. Choe Museon was a great scientist, who defended the nation with naval artillery.